高考英语高频词汇：高考7000词之强调句

　　【句子】
　　Scientists do not know why dinosaurs became extinct, but some theories postulate that changers in geography, climate, and sea levels were responsible.
　　科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了，但是一些理论推断是地理，气候和海平面的变化造成的。
　　【解析】
　　1.强调句句型讲解
　　1) 陈述句的强调句型
　　It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。
　　It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
　　2)一般疑问句的强调句型
　　同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面
　　Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
　　3)特殊疑问句的强调句型
　　被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分
　　When and where was it that you were born?
　　4) not … until … 句型的强调句
　　A. 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分
　　普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
　　强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
　　B. 注意：
　　此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
　　5) 谓语动词的强调
　　A. It is/ was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did
　　Do sit down. 务必请坐。
　　Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊!
　　B. 注意：
　　此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式;过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。
　　2.强调句的十种结构
　　1)用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”来表示强调
　　Do write to me when you get there.
　　你到那儿后务必给我来信。
　　2)用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气
　　How dare you buy such expensive jewels?
　　你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢?
　　3)用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有-l y的副词来进行强调
　　I really don’t know what to do next.
　　我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。
　　4)用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句)
　　Where in the world could he be?
　　他到底会在哪儿?
　　5)用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感
　　How interesting a story it is!
　　这是一个多么有趣的故事啊!
　　6)用重复来表示强调
　　Why!why!The cage is empty!
　　啊!啊!箱子是空的。
　　7)用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气
　　On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点)
　　8)用强调句型：“It is(was)+被强调的部分+that(who)+原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿
　　It was on Monday night that all this happened.
　　所有这一切发生在周一晚上。
　　9)用If来表示强调
　　If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom.
　　如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。
　　10)用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气
　　It’s because of hard work—ten years of hard work.
　　那是因为艰苦的工作--十年艰苦的工作!
　　【注意】
　　that后的强调句如果是原因状语从句，从句只能用because引导，不能用since，as或why。
　　It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river。
　　3.postulate
　　1)n.假定;基本条件
　　Authority is a postulate of the moral order and derives from God.
　　权威是一种道德秩序的主张，并且它来源于上帝。
　　2)vt.要求;假定
　　The school building programme postulates an increase in educational investment.
　　修建校舍的规划是在增加教育经费的前提下拟定的。
　　【练习】
　　____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.(典型高考陷阱题)
　　A. It was we being late
　　B. It was our being late
　　C. It was we were too late
　　D. It was because we were late