1、at 词组
at (the) least 至少;最少。反义词组为at (the)most至多;最多。
—Mr Smith looks older than his real age.In fact,he is at (the)most 40 years old.史密斯先生很显老,实际上他最多40岁。
—Oh, really?I thought he was 50 years old at (the)least.噢,真的吗?我以为他至少50岁了。
at the beginning of 在……初(开头),可指时间与空间。如:
at the beginning of term 在学期开始
at the beginning of the book 在那本书的开头
at the beginning 单独用时间at first,也可说in the beginning.
比较:at the end of 在……末(尽头) at the end 在末尾处
in the end 最终,同at last in the middle of 在……中期
from beginning to end 从头至尾
at the doctor’s
该结构为介词+名词所有格,意为“在诊所”。所有格-’s后一般接名词,如her mother’s bike ,但有时这个名词可省略,主要表现在以下两个方面:
①指一个企业,机构,教堂,学校,医院,家庭,理发店,店铺时。如:
She is at the hairdresser’s.
②为了避免重复,省略-’s后的名词。如:
I have read some of Shaw’s plays,but none of Shakespeare’s.
at the last moment 在最后关头
at the moment 此刻;正在那时for a moment片刻,一会儿for the moment 目前,暂时; in a moment立刻,马上
at the top of在……的顶部,上方; at the top of a mountain在山顶;at the top of one’s voice高声地,尖声地
at war
该介宾词组意思是“处于战争或交战状态”。在句中常作表语。如:
The U.S.A.and Iraq are at war again.
2、at/ with/ through
三个介词都可表示原因,at表示听到或看到的原因;with表示人体外部的原因;through 强调自身的原因。如:be sad at the news听了这个消息而悲伤;be frightened at the sight看了那个情景而害怕;jump up with joy高兴地跳了起来;turn red with anger气得脸红;shake with cold/fear冻得/害怕得发抖;with pleasure高兴地;with pride 骄傲地;with satisfaction满意地;make the mistake through his carelessness由于粗心而出错;be put into prison through no fault of his own 没有任何罪过被关进。
[应用]汉译英
①听到这个消息,全国人民处于悲哀之中。
②孩子们高兴地跳了起来。
③由于大意他犯了这个错误。
Key:①At the news, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
②The children jumped up with joy.
③He made the mistake through his carelessness.
3、at work/ out of work/ after work
这三个以work为中心词的介词短语,在意思和用法上均不相同。
(1)at work表示“在工作、在上班”,作表语或状语。例如:
They are both at work today.今天他们俩都在上班。
His father had an accident at work last week.上周的父亲在工作时出了事故。
(2)out of work表示“失业”,是介词短语,相当于lost one’s job或be unemployed。例如:
If you don’t work hard, you’ll be out of work.如果你不好好工作就会失业。
You’ll be out of work if you keep coming late.如果你老是迟到,你会失业的。
(3)after work表示“下班后”,作时间状语。例如:
What do you usually do after work?下班后你经常干什么?
I visited Mr Liu after work yesterday.昨天下班后我看望过刘先生。
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