快速掌握新技能的16种方法

　　1. Deconstruct
　　解构拆分
　　Break the skill that you are desiring to learn down into little pieces and master an isolated portion. The small pieces will come together to make up the whole skill. For example, learning to play the guitar, learn how to press down a chord pattern with your fingers first without even trying to strum the chord. Once you are able to change between a couple of chord patterns, then add the strumming.
　　把你想学的技能拆分成小块，一小块一小块地去学习去掌握这门技能。小块技能叠加在一起构成一门完整技能。例如，学弹吉他，先练习弹一个和弦，不要一开始就学扫弦技巧。练习到来回自如切换两个和弦的程度了，再加入吉他扫弦的技能练习。
　　2. Pareto Principle
　　帕累托原则/二八定律
　　Identify the 20% work that will give you 80% of the results. In learning a language it does not take long to realize that there are a few very new words that pop up over and over again. You can do a quick search for “most commonly used French words” for example and begin to learn them first before adding on the rest.
　　要分辨出那些能给你八成回报的二成付出。在学习一门语言的过程中，你很快就会意识到，有一些新词是会经常出现的。例如你可以快速搜索“最常用法语单词”这个词条，在学习其他新词之前，先学习这些常用词。
　　3. Make Stakes (not steaks)
　　下赌注
　　Establish and implement some sort of punishment for you in not learning the skill that you are seeking. There are sites available that allow you to make a donation toward a charity you absolutely hate if you do not meet your goals. Place a bet with a friend to light that fire under your bottom.
　　对于自己正在学习的技能，如果不坚持下去，要制定并实施某种惩罚措施来监督自己。有的网站允许你向慈善机构捐款，如果没达到目标就去捐款吧。通过和朋友打赌的方式也能激发自己的学习潜能。
　　4. Record Yourself
　　自录视频
　　Seeing yourself on video is a great way to learn from your mistake and identify areas that you need to improve. This is very effective for any musicians, actors, speakers, performers, and dancers.
　　在视频中审视自己是从错误中学习的一个很不错的方式，确定需要改进的地方。这对任何一名音乐家、演员、演讲者、演出者和舞者都是一种非常有效的方法。
　　5. Join a Group
　　加入小组学习
　　There are huge benefits to learning in a group. Not only are you able to learn from others but you’ll be encouraged to make progress together. Whether it is a chess club, a mastermind group, or an online meet-up group, get connected with other like-minded individuals.
　　小组学习方式大有好处。你不仅能向他人学习，而且还能相互鼓励一起进步。无论是国际象棋俱乐部还是一个策划小组，又或是在线集会小组，都要与志同道合的人来往。
　　6. Time Travel
　　时光穿越
　　Visit the Library. Although everything is becoming more and more online, there are still such things called libraries. Whether it is a municipal library or your university library, you will be amazed at some of the books available there that are not accessible online. Specifically search out the hidden treasures and wisdom contained in the really old books.
　　去图书馆学习。虽然在线资料越来越多，别忘了还有图书馆的存在。不管是市图书馆还是大学图书馆，你都会惊奇地发现一些网络上无法获得书籍。特别记得要在真正的古书中寻找出隐藏的珍宝和智慧。
　　7. Be a Chameleon
　　做个变色龙
　　Imitate your biggest idol. Watch a video and learn from seeing someone else do it. Mimic what you see. Visual learning is a great way to speed up the learning process. Youtube has thousands of videos on almost every topic available.
　　模仿你最崇拜的偶像;看视频学着模仿别人;模仿你所看的。视觉学习是加速学习过程的一个很好的方法。Youtube视频网站上每一个主题几乎都有成千上万个视频。
　　8. F.O.C.U.S.
　　集中精力高度专注
　　Follow one course until success! It is easy to get distracted, to throw in the towel, or to become interested in the next great thing and ditch what you initially set out to do. Simply focus on the one new skill at hand until you get it done.
　　坚持学一门技能课程直到成功为止!学一门技能很容易分心、认输，或对别的事感兴趣，终忘初心、半途而废。只专注于手头上的这一门新技能，直到你掌握了这门技能为止。
　　9. Visualize
　　发挥想象力
　　The mind has great difficulty distinguishing between what is real and what is imagined. That is why athletes practice mentally seeing their success before attempting the real thing. Visualize yourself achieving your new skill and each step that you need to make to see results.
　　从思想上已很难区分什么是真实的什么是想象的。这就是为什么运动员要在成功之前，要锤炼自己的精神境界，培养好心态。想象你自己正掌握这项新技能，想象需要取得成果的每一步。
　　10. Find a Mentor
　　向良师益友学习
　　Success leaves clues. The best short cut to become an expert is to find an expert and not have to make the mistakes that they have made. Finding out what NOT to do from the expert will fast-track your learning of a new skill. Reach out and send an email to them.
　　成功有线索可循。成为一名专家的最佳捷径就是找一个专家来学习，他们犯过的错误就不要再犯。避开专家们所走的弯路能加快你学习新技能的速度。通过电子邮件的方式向专家们进行讨教。
　　11. Sleep On It
　　考虑一晚上
　　Practice your new skill within 4 hours of going to sleep. Josh Kaufman is a noted rapid learning expert and tells us that any practice done within this time frame causes your brain to embed the learning more rapidly into its neural pathways. Your memory and motor-mechanics needed are ingrained at a quicker level.
　　在睡前4小时练习你的新技能。乔希-考夫曼是一位著名的快速学习专家，他告诉我们在这个时间段的练习会更快速地嵌入到其神经通路，大脑学起来更快。需要你的大脑记忆力功能更快，记忆更加深刻。
　　12. The 20 Hour Rule
　　20小时原则
　　Along with that tip, Kaufman also suggests 20 as the magical number of hours to dedicate to learning the new skill. His reasoning is that everyone will hit a wall early on in the rapid learning stage and that “pre-committing” to 20 hours is a sure-fire way to push through that wall and acquire your new skill.
　　除了上一个技巧，考夫曼也表明20小时是专注学习新技能的神奇数字。他的理由是，每个人在早期快速学习阶段都会碰壁，“预提交”20个小时是避免碰壁和成功学习一门新技能的必经之路。
　　13. Learn By Doing
　　边干边学
　　It is easy to get caught up in reading and gathering information on how to do something and never actually get around to doing it. The best way to learn is to do. Regardless of how unprepared you feel, make sure you are continually physically engaged. Keep alternating between research and practice…research…practice…
　　关于如何走向成功而不走弯路的书籍随处可见，你可能很快就晕头了。学习的最好方法就是坚持去做。即使让你感觉措手不及，也一定要确保你在不断地坚持着身体力行。保持着研究、实践…再研究、再实践……的做法。
　　14. Short Sprints
　　短距离冲刺
　　Rather than try to force yourself into enduring hours upon hours of dedication, work in short sprints of about 20-30 minutes, then get up and have a stretch or take a short walk. Your brain’s attention span works best with short breaks and so be sure to give it the little rest it needs.
　　不是强迫自己熬几个小时的时间而已，而是要在短时间内集中精力，高度专注约20-30分钟的时间，然后起身走动放松下散散步。你的大脑在短暂的休息后，在注意力上会达到最好的效果，所以，稍微休息一下很有必要。
　　15. Ditch the Distractions
　　要做到不分心
　　Make sure the environment you are in is perfect for your rapid-learning progress. That means ditching any social media, and the temptation to check any email. As the saying goes, “Out of sight, out of mind.” Before you sit down to practice, make sure whatever potential distractions are far from sight.
　　确保你快速学习所处的环境良好适合静心学习。这代表你要避开社交网络，抑制住自己上网和查看电子邮件的诱惑。俗话说，“眼不见心不烦。” 在你坐下来静心练习之前，一定要确保远离所有潜在性的干扰。
　　16. Celebrate
　　庆祝进步
　　Every single little win that you experience on the learning process, be sure to celebrate. Your brain will release endorphins and serotonin as you raise your hands in victory and pump your fits. Have a piece of chocolate and give yourself a pat on the back. This will encourage you to press on toward the goal!
　　在你的学习过程中，每次小有成就时，一定要庆祝一下。你的大脑会释放内啡肽和血清素，在你举起胜利之手时会有种精神振奋的感觉。吃一块巧克力，鼓励一下自己，这会鼓励你朝着目标坚持不断前进!
　　Most of all, have fun. Learning a new skill should be exciting and something you cannot wait to practice every day. Keep picturing the joy of reaching the end goal and being a better version of yourself as continual motivation. To love life is to continually be learning and challenging yourself.
　　最重要的是，学得开心。学习一项新技能应该是一件激动人心的事情，每天迫不及待地想要练习。想象达成最终目标的快乐，做更好的自己，把这些作为持续的动力。热爱生活就是要不断学习并挑战自我。