【词组解析】
1. by itself 自动地,独自地
（1）The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.
几秒钟后,机器将自行启动。
（2）How did the door open by itself?
门怎么自己开了?
2. by means of 用,依靠
（1）The water may be carried by means of a pipe.
水可以用管子输送。
（2）The stone was lifted by means of a rope and pulley.
这块大石是用绳子和滑轮给吊起来的。
3. by mistake 错误地,无意地
（1）She let the news slip by mistake , in an unguarded moment.
她一不留神泄漏了消息。
（2）She sprayed hair spray in her eye by mistake.
她错把洗头水当成眼药水上到眼睛里了。
4. by no means 决不,并没有
（1）These truths were by no means self - evident when Galileo first suggested them.
伽里略首次提出这些真理时决非显而易见。
（2）This by no means the first time you have been late.
这绝不是你第一次迟到了。
5. by oneself 单独地,独自地
（1）One is firmly established by oneself.
卓然自立。
（2）One should do it by oneself.
一个人该自己做此事。